SCIENTIFIC NAME: POLYGONIA C-ALBUM
VERNACULAR NAME: COMMA

Fig 1
ADULT Wingspan - 50 - 64mm.  The jagged edged wings with the coppery orange background and sooty brown markings make this butterfly instantly recognisable.  There is usually a smattering of pale orange spots towards the margins of both wings.  The smoky brown underwings bear a conspicuous white 'comma' that gives the species its name.  
CHRYSALIS 21mm.  Pinkish brown with gold and silver markings and suspended from a silk pad.
LARVA 34mm.  Greeny buff at first turning brown with white patches that provides excellent camouflage due to its likeness to a bird dropping.  Usually found on the underside of leaves.  At full size the caterpillar becomes spiny with a white dorsal patch and will venture to the upper surface of a leaf. See Pic .
EGG Green with white ridges, oval and found on margins of nettles or elms.  Hatching time within 17 days.
BEHAVIOUR Males are extremely territorial and patrol and perch within their territory.  A strong flier of woodland rides the flight pattern is made of several quick wing beats followed by a brief glide.  Early mornings and late afternoons are good times to observe this species as it feeds on flowers, particularly buddleia.
HABITAT Hedgerows, woodland edges and clearings, gardens and rough hillsides.
FLIGHT PERIOD March - October in two broods.

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